Relationship Between Shape and Diffusion Rate Essay Example for Free

Relationship Between Shape and Diffusion Rate Essay Aim To see whether there is a relationship between the surface area and the diffusion rate Hypothesis I predict that the smaller blocks of agar will turn clear, or diffuse first, as it has a smaller surface area. This is because there is less surface area and volume for the sulphuric acid to diffuse into. Apparatus * Three sizes of agar, 20x20x20mm, 20x20x10mm, 20x20x5mm * 240ml of sulphuric acid [80ml per beaker] * 3 100ml beakers * Tile used for placing the agar * Tissue to wipe off the sulphuric acid off the agar * 3 scalpels * Ruler, measurable in mm * Stop clock * Calculator Method 1. First, cut three pieces of sulphuric acid in the following sizes 20x20x20mm, 20x20x10mm, 20x20x5mm, as accurately as possible 2. Next, fill the three beakers with 80ml of sulphuric acid each 3. Then, prepare the stop clock, and make sure it is has been reset 4. After, place the three blocks of agar into the sulphuric all at the same time, as well as starting the stop clock once the agar is in the sulphuric acid. 5. Carefully stir the three beakers using the scalpels. 6. Watch until one of the blocks have gone completely clear. 7. Once one of the blocks have gone completely clear, stop the stop clock and take out the three blocks of agar and place on the tissue, and wipe off the excess sulphuric acid from the blocks of agar to prevent further diffusion with the two other blocks which have not been fully diffused to fully diffuse 8. Cut the blocks in diagonal, through the middle and using a ruler, measure how much of it has turned clear on each side. 9. Record the data for time taken, and the depth of the clear part on the table. Results Block number 1 2 3 Block dimensions/mm 20x20x20 20x20x10 20x20x5 Predicted order of clearing 3 2 1 Actual order of clearing 3 2 1 Time taken for clearing 8mn56.29s Depth of clear part on block/mm 3 4 5 Surface area/mmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2400 1600 1200 Volume/mmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 8000 4000 2000 Surface are to volume ratio O:O.3 O:O.4 O:O.6 Conclusion My prediction as to which block will go clear first was correct, being the smaller block, as its surface area to volume ratio was the greatest out of all three, even though there was not much difference between the three values. This is because the third block has a greater surface area for the sulphuric acid to diffuse into the agar, causing the diffusion rate to be greater. The blocks have become clear through diffusion caused by neutralization between the sulphuric acid and the agar, which is an alkaline. Evaluation Quite a few things did not go as planned in this evaluation, but I have come up with ideas on how to improve them if we do an experiment like this again. Firstly, the jelly size may not be accurate from cutting it, and when it has been stirred, bits of it may have chipped off causing a change in its surface area. Next time, to avoid this, we could measure the block of agar more accurately when cutting it, and also be more careful when stirring the agar and stir softer so that no bits may get chipped off. Not only that, but the time we place the three blocks of agar into the sulphuric acid may be different, as well as the time we started the stop clock. Next time, we may possibly find a different method of putting in and taking out the agar so that it remains a fair test, and so that there are less mistakes in the test, which may be reduced by having one person per block of agar and beaker, as well as another person for the stop clock and placing it in and taking it out all at the same time as well as starting and stopping the stop clock. Another complication may have come from the amount of sulphuric acid in each beaker, which may not have been equal. This problem may be reduced by measuring the sulphuric more carefully, maybe with a measuring cylinder before then placing it into the beaker, instead of measuring it into the beaker straight away. Our measurements of the depth of the clear layer of the blocks of agar jelly may have been incorrect as well, and to prevent this, we could possibly use a microscope next time and use a graticule to measure the depth that the jelly has diffused to obtain a more accurate result. The last problem I noticed while doing the experiment was when we were blotting the sulphuric acid off the agar. I found that there may have been some sulphuric acid left on the agar after we have blotted it, which may have caused further diffusion and adjusting our result. This is caused from not blotting off enough sulphuric acid off the agar. Next time, we could carefully blot all the sulphuric acid, and use one piece of tissue for each block of agar so that there is no sulphuric acid on the tissue before blotting each block of agar.

Latin America Resources Essay -- essays research papers

I. 1.Miguel Angel Asturias- A Nobel Prize wining novelist and poet from Guatemala. Wrote about his experience under a dictatorship. Established small-town life and a clash of cultures as themes 2.Frida Kahlo- Started painting in 1925 when she was hospitalized. Married Diego Rivera. Was inspired by retablos, religious paintings. Was a champion of Mexican culture. 3.John F. Kennedy – Kennedy encouraged Latin American countries to undertake reforms to raise the standard of living for their people with the Alliance for Progress in 1961. 4.Luis Munoz Marin – Became Puerto Rico’s first elected governor in the 1950s. He supported a program to encourage tourism and develop industry on the island. 5.Gabriel Garcia Marquez- Nobel Prize winning author in Columbia. Wrote in a Style called magical realism. Most popular novel was One Hundred years of Solitude. 6.James Munroe – Issued the Munroe Doctrine in 1823 which disallowed colonization in the Americas 7.Pablo Neruda - Chile’s Nobel Prize winning poet who criticized the United States for using its power and wealth to carve up Panama. 8.Manuel Noriega – Panama’s president who was charged by the United States with drug trafficking in 1988. 9.Franklin D. Roosevelt – Announced the Good Neighbor Policy in 1933, which declared that â€Å"no state has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another state.† 10.Theodore Roosevelt – President that offered Columbia $10 million for a strip of land in Panama to build a canal. Roosevelt encouraged rebels in Panama to rebel when Columbia rejected the offer. In 1903 when the Panama people received their independence, they granted US the 10 mile wide â€Å"canal zone.† II. 1. Under the Platt Amendment, the United States claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs. 2. The United States gained Puerto Rico and Philippines from Spain. 3. Financial interests led the United States to intervene in Latin America. In the early 1900s, the Dominican Republic was unable to pay its debts to American banks. American forces also occupied Nicaragua and Haiti ,and intervened in the affairs of Honduras 6 times. In each case, they stepped in to protect American lives and property or to support a government that favored American interests. 4. The United States wanted to create a solid anti-communist bloc in the Americas. The United States’ primary concern was the communist country of ... ...lopment and democracy. The OAS includes the United States, which has tended to dominated the organization. 11.retablos – religious paintings offered as thanks for escape from misfortune. 12.Sendero Luminoso – (Shining Path) Extreme left wing group that resorted to torture and murder in their on-going struggle to control the country of Peru. 13.Spanish-American War – As the United States industrialized, it extended its influence in the Caribbean and Central America. During the 1890s, Cuban patriots were battling for independence from Spain. In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain and joined the fighting. It promised that once peace was achieved it would â€Å"leave the government and control of Cuba to its people.† The Spanish American War ended in victory for the United States. Cuba did gain its independence, but the United States forced Cuba to include the Platt Amendment as part of its new constitution. Under the Platt Amendment the United States claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs. As a result the United States gained Puerto Rico and Philippines from Spain. 14.ultraismo – The belief that art should exist for its own sake, not for any social or political reasons.

Rhetorical Analysis †“Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior” Essay

Parenting is always a debatable topic in America. Every person has an opinion on how a child should be raised and disciplined. In Amy Chua’s â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† (an excerpt from Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother), Chua explains Chinese parenting and how it is effective in her life. She claims that by breaking down a child and pushing them to their full potential, the child will, in turn, be confident and incredibly successful. Through the use of several rhetorical devices, Chua supports, as well as weakens, her claim and expresses a different, controversial way of parenting. An important element in Chua’s argument is her ethos. She is clearly an intellectual individual, given that she is a professor at Yale University. Putting aside her credentials, this essay brings forth a distinct character. From the start, she identifies herself as a tough and strict â€Å"Chinese mother†. Throughout the piece she uses several personal experiences that support this assertion. The reader recognizes a sense of confidence from Chua as she repeatedly contrasts Western-parenting ideals from Chinese-parenting ideals. As far as her credibility as an author, it is questionable. She writes, â€Å" Chinese parents believe that their kids owe them everything. The reason for this is a little unclear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her credibility begins to slip when she uses the word â€Å"unclear†. This statement suggests that she does not even know herself why she is parenting the way she is parenting. It also presents a perfect opportunity for opposing people to make an argument against Chua’s style of parenting. Another instance where Chua’s credibility becomes uncertain is when she writes of mimicking her husband when he intervenes in a dispute between her and their daughter. It shows that she is unwilling to listen to the other side of her argument and has this my-way-or-the-highway complex—which is not necessarily an attractive outlook to have. It seems that an author who is open to looking at both sides of an  argument is a more respectable author. Chua’s use of pathos is particularly insensitive. She uses it more to take a jab at Western culture rather than to make an appeal on either side. Several times Chua makes up these hypothetical scenarios and discusses what Western parents would do and then what Chinese parents would do. Her idea of how Western parents react is seemingly dead on but there is a sarcastic tone about it. What is really interesting about her emotional appeal is that she quotes her husband who opposes one aspect of her argument. He says, â€Å"Children don’t choose their parents†¦so it’s the parents’ responsibility to provide for them,† which is an appeal to Western parents. She immediately shuts his argument down but fails to explain why it is â€Å"a terrible deal for the Western parent.† This only weakens her claim because, again, she is not being open-minded. In the end, Chua makes a very general appeal by saying, â€Å"All decent parents want to do whatâ €™s best for their children.† It is confusing because this statement somewhat qualifies her claim. First, she refutes Western parenting, then, comes back to say that Western and Chinese parents are all one in the same in the way that they care for their children. Chua’s motive is unclear. Beyond Chua’s strong opinions, she utilizes statistics and facts in her argument. The statistics at the beginning of the piece describe percentages of Western and Chinese mothers who agreed that â€Å"‘stressing academic success is not good for children’ or that ‘parents need to foster the idea that learning is fun.’† The outcome showed that 0% of Chinese mothers agreed and they, instead, valued the idea of successful children resulting from successful parenting. These types of statistics definitely support Chua’s â€Å"Chinese mother† persona. The statistics also supported her claim of how much time Chinese parents put into helping their children make academic achievements. It is difficult to argue with facts and data, however, Chua does not cite the sources of this data. For all the reader knows, she could have made it up. It may be a more functional logical appeal if the studies she quotes were from a well-known and respected s ource. Chua’s choice of diction reflects possible exaggeration on Chua’s behalf and  confusion for the reader. It makes sense to exaggerate in order to stress the point she is trying to make but it also triggers the reader to doubt and question, which does not help her cause. Referring to her daughter, she writes, â€Å"calling her garbage†¦when she acted extremely disrespectfully toward me.† The idea of someone acting â€Å"extremely disrespectfully† varies from person to person. It is very biased statement. There is no way to interpret how her daughter was really acting. Already having examples of Chua’s ethos from this piece, it is practical to assume she is exaggerating. Chua’s diction is also troubling, especially when she writes, â€Å"All decent parents want to do what’s best for their children.† What are â€Å"decent parents† and what is â€Å"best† for any child? She does not elaborate on these key terms. It is the beginning of an argument on definition. Like in the case of Chua’s exaggeration, there is no way to determine what qualities a good parent has. There is no way for every parent to agree on a list of things that are best for children. Another technique the author uses to get her point across is repetition. Numerous times throughout her essay Chua repeats two words at the beginning of a sentence, â€Å"By contrast†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She is making it very clear that there are differences between Western parents and Chinese parents. This is effective because the reader is constantly reminded that these two types of parents are not comparable in Chua’s mind. There is also a bit of repetition in terms of actions of the author. It seems like there is a cycle of Chinese parenting in her life. She raised her daughters the way her parents raised her. Chua’s father called her â€Å"garbage† when she acted inappropriate and Chua called her daughter â€Å"garbage† when she acted inappropriate. This cycle of Chinese parenting indicates that Chinese culture is unchanging or very hard to change. Overall, through repetition, the reader gets a good sense of contrasting cultures. The intended audience for this argument is an element worth discussing. Chua was most likely aiming this piece specifically at Western parents. The argument is definitely eye-catching to any parent and is compelling enough to spark disagreement. Chua seems to want that reaction because the purpose of her essay was to contrast Chinese parenting and Western parenting and  explain how Chinese parenting is more effective—in her opinion. It almost seems as though she wants to rub it in the faces of Western parents, maybe even spark guilt. The effect she wants to have on her audience may be for them think about her claim and reevaluate their methods of parenting. As mentioned before, Chua claims that by criticizing a child and hammering academic success into his or her brain the child will grow to become a prosperous and confident person. Her purpose gets through to the audience but does not necessarily persuade them. She utilizes rhetorical devices that both support and weaken her argument. Chua’s lifestyle is a result of how she was raised. In a sense, her piece is a great lesson for Western cultures about Chinese culture. Chua may or may not effectively explain why Chinese mothers are superior but, ultimately, she conveys a unique, if not totally outrageous, idea of parenting directed at the average Western parents.

What If I Dont Like My College Roommate

Even though the vast majority of college roommate matches end up working out just fine, there are always a few exceptions to every rule. So what happens if you end up not liking your college roommate? Rest assured that there will always be options for you if you and your roommate dont seem to make a good fit. Addressing the Situation First and foremost, the issue is going to have to be addressed. You can try to address it yourself by talking with your roommate, or you can go to someone on your hall staff (like your RA) for a little help. Theyll listen to the problem and see if its something that can be worked through and even help you figure out how to talk to your roommate about the issues, with or without a staff member present. What is it that makes you dislike your roommate? This is an opportunity to learn to resolve conflicts with people who arent members of your family. Write down a list of what is making it difficult for you to live together and ask your roommate to produce a similar list. You may want to select only the top one to three items to discuss either with each other or assisted by the RA or a mediator. Often, the things that are irritating you may be ones your roommate can easily modify. You might even come up with proposed solutions and negotiate how to meet in the middle. Unless you will live to solo the rest of your life, it is a good time to develop these skills. When Conflicts Cant Be Resolved If your roommate conflict cant be resolved, youll be able to change roommates. Keep in mind, however, that this can take a little while. A new space will have to be found for one of you. Additionally, its highly unlikely at most schools that youll just get to live by yourself if your original roommate situation doesnt work out, so youll have to wait until another roommate pair wants to switch. Some schools wont let roommates switch until a certain amount of time (usually a few weeks) has gone by after the semester begins, so there may be a delay if you decide you dont like your roommate early in the year. Just keep in mind that the hall staff wants everyone in the halls to be in the best situation possible, so theyll work with you, in whatever way seems best, to come to a resolution as soon as they can. Find out the required timelines for switching roommates. While you may think you have irreconcilable differences, you may be able to come up with livable solutions until you are free to make the switch. Dont be surprised if you have worked it out before that day arrives. You will have built new life skills that will be valuable in the coming years.